Auto Racing – 12PSB Testbed – China HUS-1000 test bench
History
The start of the race
Racing Construction began soon after the first successful gasoline-powered automobile. The first race ever held was April 28, 1887 by editor The chief of Paris Vlocipde publication, Mr. Fossier. [Citation needed] He ran 2 kilometers from Neuilly Bridge to the Bois de Boulogne. It was won by Georges Bouton, in a car he had constructed with Albert, the Comte de Dion, but as he was the only competitor to make it quite difficult to call it a race.
Paris-Rouen. World's first motor race
George Lematre ranked 1st in his Peugeot 3 HP
On July 22, 1894, the magazine The Paris Diary has organized what is considered the world's first race car from Paris to Rouen, [n 1] sporting events were a form proven Publicity stunt and boost circulation. Pierre Giffard, editor of the newspaper, it has encouraged competition for Horeseless Car (Competition the horseless carriages) which are not dangerous, easy to drive and cheap during the trip. Thus, it blurred the distinctions between trial reliability, a general of the event and a race, but the main prize was first to the finish line Rouen. 102 people have paid the entry price of 10 francs.
69 cars started the 50 km event selection which shows that Newcomers would be allowed to start the main event, the 127 km race Paris to Rouen. Participants ranged from serious manufacturers like Peugeot, Panhard De Dion or amateur owners, and only 25 were selected for the main race.
The race started from the Porte Maillot and crossed the Bois de Boulogne. Count Jules de Dion Albert was the first to Rouen after 6 hours and 48 minutes at an average speed of 19kmph. He finished 330 lead over George Lematre (Peugeot), followed by Doriot (Peugeot) in 1630, Ren Panhard (Panhard) and at 3330 mile Levassor (Panhard) in 5530. Winners were official Peugeot and Panhard the cars were judged on their speed, handling characteristics and safety, and the car De Dion steam needed a driver who has been banned.
The first races
In 1895, the Paris-Bordeaux-Paris Trials took place and this was the first actual race that all competitors have started together. The winner was in his mile Levassor Panhard-Levassor 1205 cc model. He completed course (732 miles or 1.178 kilometers) in 48 hours and 47 minutes, ending nearly six hours before the runner-up.
The first regularly in racing was Nice, France, run in late March 1897 as "Week of speed." For complete schedule, most types of event Race was invented here, including the first hill climb (Nice – La Turbie) and a sprint that was, in spirit, the first puff race.
An international competition between nations rather than individuals, began with the Gordon Bennett Cup in auto racing.
The first automobile race in the United States took place in Chicago, Illinois. The course went from the south side of town, north on Lake to Evanston, Illinois and return on November 28, 1895 over a 54.36 mile course (87.48 km), with Frank Duryea winning in 10 hours and 23 minutes, beating three petrol and two electric cars.
City to city racing
Fernand Gabriel driving a Mors in Paris-Madrid 1903
With the automotive and racing dominated by France, the French automobile club ACF has hosted a number of major international races, usually from or to Paris, the connection with another major city in Europe or France.
These very successful races ended in 1903 when Marcel Renault was involved in a fatal accident near Angouleme in the Paris-Madrid race. Nine deaths from the French government to stop the race in Bordeaux and prohibition of open-road races. [Citation needed]
The first purpose built racing circuits
The Milwaukee Mile is the oldest motor racing in the world, with races being held there since 1903. It was not, however, built for this effect for racing, life beginning with a one mile (1.6 km) trail horse racing in the 19th century.
A remaining portion of the track Brooklands today
Brooklands in Surrey, England, was the first purpose built motor racing, opening in June 1907. He had a 4.43 km of concrete under high speed banked turns. Brooklands is also a center of aviation industry, Vickers with the establishment of a factory and airfield there during the First World War the circuit was closed in 1939 as the Production of aircraft in war has resumed. Damage to the runway during World War meant the track was never reopened for the race.
Brooklands seems to have been the inspiration for the Indianapolis Motor Speedway, which opened in 1909.
1910-1950
The 1930s saw the transformation of road cars to high price in pure racers, with Delage, Auto Union and Mercedes-Benz, Delahaye, Bugatti and construction of motor vehicles produce up to 450 kW Standard (612 hp), aided by multiple stages of supercharging. From 1928-1930 and again in 1934-1936, the maximum weight allowed is 750 kg, a rule diametrically opposed the settling of current race. Widespread use of aluminum alloys has been necessary to achieve light weight, and in the case of Mercedes, the paint was removed to meet the weight limit, producing the famous Silver Arrows.
Show: Grand Prix racing
Categories
car
Main article: Open wheel car
Modern formula Car: McLaren MP4-24. Heikki Kovalainen testing at Jerez, 2009
By car (open wheel) the wheels are not covered, and the cars often have wings Aerodynamic front and rear to generate support and improve adhesion to the track. In Europe and Asia, open wheeled racing is commonly called "formula", with appropriate hierarchical suffixes. In North America, the "Formula" terminology is not followed (except of F1). The sport is generally willing to undergo an "international" format (such as F1), a "regional" format (such as Formula 3 Euro Series), or a "domestic" or country-specific format (such as the German Formula 3 Championship, Formula Ford or British).
The variety of the most famous car, Formula One, involves a world championship drivers' and constructors
In North America, the cars used in the National Championship (currently the IndyCar Series, and previously CART) have traditionally been similar though less sophisticated that F1 cars with more restrictions on technology to control costs.
racing in Formula Three at the Hockenheimring, 2008
Other international single-seater series are the A1 Grand Prix (unofficially often referred to as the "world cup of motorsport"), and GP2 (formerly known as Formula 3000 and Formula Two). Regional series include Formula Nippon and Formula V6 Asia (especially in Asia), Formula Renault 3.5 (Also known as the World Series by Renault, succession series from World Series by Nissan), Formula Three, Formula Palmer Audi and Formula Atlantic. In 2009, FIA Formula Two Championship brought the revival of the F2 series. National or country-specific series include Formula Three, Formula Renault, Formula Ford with the leading introductory series being Formula BMW.
car is not limited simply to professional teams and drivers. There a scene "Racing Club" a great lover of food for those who want single-seat race against similar people around the world. UK Series great club are Monoposto Racing Club BRSCC F3 (formerly ClubF3 formerly ARP F3), Formula Ford and Formula Vee Club. Each series is scheduled for an article in the "market" with a low cost mainly to supply race, while others seek an authentic experience in using the same rules as the professional series (BRSCC F3).
There are other categories of the car, including kart racing, which employs a small cheap machine on small tracks size. Most high current drivers began their careers in karting. Formula Ford once represented a popular first class for open wheel drivers back and forth intensified karts and now the Formula BMW series is the preferred option, as it introduced an aerodynamic package and layers, allowing junior drivers to gain experience in a race car with dynamics closer to F1. Star Mazda Series is another entry series level.
Students in colleges and universities can also participate in single-seater racing in Formula Competition SAE, which is to design and build a car car in a multidisciplinary team, and racing competition. It is also developing other soft skills such as teamwork whilst promoting motorsport and engineering.
In 2006, Producer Todd Baker was responsible for creating the first all-female team to race in Formula. The group is an assemblage of drivers from different racing disciplines, and formed for an MTV reality pilot which was shot at Mazda Raceway Laguna Seca.
In December 2005, the FIA gave its approval the Superleague Formula race that began in 2008 in which race teams are owned and managed by leading sports clubs such as AC Milan and Liverpool FC.
After 25 years of the sport, the former champion in Formula 2 Jonathan Palmer has reopened the F2 category, most drivers graduated series Formula Palmer Audi. The category is officially registered as the FIA Formla Two championship. Most revolutions have two races and are Race support to the FIA World Touring Car Championship.
touring car race
Main article: racing cars
World Championship Touring Car 2006: Andy Priaulx leads to Curitiba.
touring car racing is a style of road racing that is run with car production derived race. It is often characterized by full-contact racing due to the small speed differentials and large networks.
Major championships cars made in the world are the V8 Supercars (Australia), British Touring Car Championship, Deutsche Tourenwagen Masters (DTM), and the World Touring Car Championship. Touring the European Cup is a one day event open to Super 2000 specification touring cars Europe's many national championships. Another series is the World Championship FIA GT, including the 24 Hours of Spa on their schedule. There is also the FIA GT3 held in races throughout Europe and the less powerful GT4. Other championships include the GT British GT Championship GT3 and GT4 Car, Super GT and GT International Open.
The Club Sports Car Challenge America's SPEED World Touring Car Championship, and GT is dominant in North America. America's historic Trans-Am Series is going through a transition period, but is always the longest road racing series in the U.S. The National Auto Sport Association provides also a place for lovers of competition in plant homemade vehicles from various local circuits.
Race Car Production
car racing or known production in the U.S. as showroom stock, is an economical and rules restricted version racing touring car, mainly to restrict costs.
Many series follow the Group N regulation with a few exceptions. There are several different series that are performed worldwide, most notably, Japan and Super Taikyu IMSA Firehawk series of which lasted between the 1980s to the 1990s throughout the United States.
One-make racing
See also: One-Design
One-how, or brand Single, championships often employ production cars from a single manufacturer or even a single model in the range of the manufacturer. There are many notable make a formula of various countries and regions, some who like the Porsche Supercup and, previously, have led many distinct IROC championships. series single brand are often at club level, at which the production-based cars, limited modifications, and close parity in performance are very well adapted. Some of the most popular single-make series are the Radical European Masters, SEAT Cupra Championship, John Cooper Mini Challenge and Clio Cup, and a smaller budget, Ginetta, Caterham, BMW, and MX5s. There is also a single-seater chassis formulas such as Formula Ford, Formula Renault, Formula BMW, Formula Vee and generally as feeder series for Formula racing "senior" (the way teams operate).
stock car racing
Practice for the Daytona 500.
Main article: stock car racing
stock car racing is the The most popular form of racing in the United States.
Mainly raced on oval tracks, stock cars look like production cars but are in fact machines racing purpose-built are built to tight specifications.
The largest stock car racing governing body NASCAR. series One is the NASCAR Sprint Cup Series, its most famous races being the Daytona 500 and Brickyard 400. NASCAR also runs several rounds of food. Nationwide Series and Camping World Truck Series (racing truck) conduct races across the continental United States. The NASCAR Canadian Tire conducts races across Canada and the NASCAR Corona Series conducts races across Mexico. NASCAR also governs several smaller series regional.
NASCAR Whelen Modified Tour also governs. Modified cars are best described as hybrid cars and stock cars wheels discoveries. They are heavily altered from stock, with powerful engines, large tires, tubular chassis and light bodies. The oldest tower Whelen Modified is NASCAR series.
A World of Outlaws late model stock car on a dirt road.
There are also other stock car bodies of Directors such as Automobile Racing Club of America and United Speed Alliance Racing.
In the United Kingdom, the British motor racing Bank is also called "Short Circuit Racing. "This occurs on the slopes of shale or tar – usually around 1 / 4 mile in length. The governing bodies for sport are the Oval Racing Council (ORC) and Brisca. Both bodies are composed of individual promoters stage. There are about 35 tracks in the United Kingdom and over 7,000 active pilots. The sport is divided into three "divisions" – Is distinguished by the rules on car contact during the race. The championship is the most famous Formula One stock car Brisca. complete contact forms include Bangers, Rookie Bangers and Bombers – and racing features demolition derbies, figure-eight races and Oval Racing
Semi Contact Forms include Brisca F1, F2 and Superstox – where the bumpers are used tactically.
formulas include contactless National Hot Rods, Stock Cannes and lightning rods.
UK Stock Car Racing began in 1950 and has rapidly developed over the years 60 and 70.
Rally
Main article: Rallying
A Ford Escort RS Cosworth, driven by Malcolm Wilson on a rally stage.
Rallying or rally racing, has two categories of car. The modified Group A, but road legal, production-based cars and Group N cars in competition production (closed) public roads or off-road areas run on a format developed to the point where the participants and their co-drivers "rally" to a set of points, leaving at regular intervals from points of departure. A rally is typically conducted on a number of "special" of all lands, that newcomers are often allowed to scout beforehand at reduced speeds compiling detailed descriptions shortened the runway or road or they're going. These descriptions are called notebooks. "During the rally, real, co-driver reads aloud the rhythm of the notes ( Using an intercom system in the helmet) for the driver, allowing them to perform each step as quickly as possible. The competition is based the lowest total elapsed time during the special stages of an event, including sanctions.
The top series is World Rally Championship (WRC), but there also regional championships and many countries have their own national championships. Some famous rallies include the Rally Monte Carlo Rally Argentina, Rally Finland and Rally GB. Another famous event (actually best described as a "rally raid") is the Paris-Dakar Rally. There is also the club level many small, in the categories of rallies which are popular with amateurs, who constitute the "core" motorsport. The rally is the sport's most widely used throughout the world as it can run on any type of circuit. As the WRC events rally include the British Rally Championship, the Intercontinental Rally Challenge, the African Rally Championship, Asia-Pacific Rally Championship and endurance events like the Dakar Rally.
Targa Racing (Targa Rally)
Main article: Rallying
Toyota MR2, driven by Adam Spence in the 2006 stage Targa Tasmania prologue.
Targa is a tarmac road rally based on what is executed worldwide. It began with the Targa Florio. There are many races including Targa Tasmania held on the Australian island state of Tasmania every year since 1992. The event takes its name from the Targa Florio, a former car event held on the island of Sicily. The concept of competition is taken directly best features of the Mille Miglia, the Coupe des Alpes and the Tour of Corsica. Other events around the world include the Targa Newfoundland based in Canada, Targa West based in Western Australia, Targa New Zealand and other smaller events.
drag racing
Main article: Drag racing
In drag racing, the objective is to complete a given distance in a straight line from a standing start, before a vehicle on a parallel track. This distance is traditionally mile (400 m), if 1 / 8 mile (200 m) become popular since the 1990s. The vehicles may or may not be given the starting signal at the same time, depending on the class of the race. Vehicles range of the car all day at the purpose-built dragster. Speeds and elapsed time differ from class to class. Average street cars cover the mile in 10 to 15 seconds while a Top Fuel dragster takes 4.5 seconds or less, reaching speeds up to 530 kmh (330 mph). Drag racing was organized as a sport by Wally Parks in the early 1950s by the NHRA (National Hot Rod Association). The NHRA was formed to discourage street racing.
Launch, a drag racing Top Fuel will accelerate to 3.4 g (33 m / s), and when braking parachutes are deployed deceleration is 4 g (39 m / s), plus the space shuttle experiments. Fuel than a car can be heard more than 8 miles (13 km) generates a reading of 1.5 to 2 on the Richter scale.
drag racing is two cars head-to-head, winner of conduct the next round. professional classes are first to the finish line wins. Sportsman racing is handicapped (slower car is a length advance) using an index (a lower and permits), and cars running (faster) than their index of "out" and lose. The cars slower, the riders support, are also disabled, but rather that of an index, they use a dial-in ". Bracket racing has been considered the main cause of the loss of public interest in drag racing. People do not understand why the slower car wins or why someone needs to hit the brakes to avoid going too fast. Many local tracks have also complained that riders will also support out of their way to spend as little as possible while providing the title in their own food, beverages, fuel and supplies, making it more difficult for ways to make money on these events. This leads to higher prices and loss of interest in having such tracks events.
Sports Car Racing
Main article: Sports car racing
The Audi R8 was one The most successful sports prototypes ever made, seen here at Road Atlanta.
In motorsports, the production versions of sports cars and / large or hikers, and sports prototype cars compete within their classes on closed circuits. The races are often conducted over long distances, at least 1.000 km (621 mi), and cars are driven by teams of two or three drivers (and sometimes more in the U.S.), switching from a few hours. Because of the difference between performance sports cars based on production and purpose-built sports prototypes, one race usually involves several racing classes. United States American Le Mans Series (ALMS) was organized in 1999, featuring GT1, GT2, and two classes prototype LMP1 (Le Mans Prototype 1) and LMP2. Manufacturers such as Audi and Acura / Honda field entries or support in the prototype class. Another series based on Le Mans began in 2004, Le Mans Endurance Series, which consisted of four 1.000 km (621 mi) races at tracks in Europe. A competing organization, the Grand Am, which began in 2000, sanctions its own endurance series the Rolex Sports Car Series.
famous sports car races are the 24 Hours of Le Mans, the 24 Hours of Daytona, the 24 Hours of Spa-Francorchamps 12 Hours of Sebring and the 1000-mile (1,600 km) Petit Le Mans at Road Atlanta.
Off-Road Racing
Main article: off-road racing
In the racing off-road the various classes of specially modified vehicles, including cars, to race in off-road environments. In North America these Races are often held in the desert, as the famous Baja 1000. In Europe, "all terrain" refers to events such as autocross or rallycross, while desert races and rally-raids such as the Paris-Dakar, Master Rallye or European "bajas" are called "Rally Cross Country. "
Kart racing
Main article: Kart racing
Sprint kart racing in California Atwater organized by the Federation International Karting.
Though often viewed as the entry point for serious racers in the sport, racing kart go-karting or can be an economical way for racing fans to try and is also a fully fledged international sport in its own right. Much of the pilot racing career began in karting, often from a very young age, such as Michael Schumacher and Fernando Alonso. Several former motorcycle champions also picked up the sport, including Wayne Rainey, who was paralyzed in a racing accident and now races a hand-operated cart. As one of the cheapest ways to make racing, karting is seeing its popularity grow worldwide.
Despite their small size, class The most powerful go-kart Superkart can have a power to weight ratio of 440 bhp / tonne.
historic racing
Main article: motorsport history
Laguna Seca, Monterey, 2008
As modern motor racing is centered on modern technology with many corporate sponsors and politics involved, historical racing tends to be the opposite. Because it is based on a particular era, it is more oriented amateur, reduction of corporate philanthropy and politics. The events are regulated to only allow cars of a certain era to participate. The only modern equipment used is related to safety and schedule. A historical event can be of different disciplines motorsport different. Including some of the most celebrated event of them are the Goodwood Festival of Speed and Goodwood Revival in Great Britain Monterey Historic and the United States. Championships range from "grass root" Austin Seven racing to the FIA Thoroughbred Grand Prix Championship for classic Formula One chassis.
Although there are several professional teams and drivers in racing history, this branch of motorsport tends to be contested by wealthy car owners and is thus more amateur and casual in its approach.
Other categories
See also Category: Auto racing by type
Autocross
Autograss
Banger Racing
racetrack Council
Demolition Derby
Dirt speedway racing
Dirt track racing
Drift
Folkrace
High Performance Drivers Education
Hill Climb
Ice Racing
Legends car racing
Midget car racing
Mini Sprint
Monster Truck
Pickup Truck Racing
Rallycross
Road racing
Short track motor racing
Slalom
Sprint car racing
Sprint
Time Attack
Race truck
Wheelstand competition
Use of Flags
Main article: Racing flags
In many types of racing, especially those held on closed circuits, flags are displayed to indicate the general state of track and communicate instructions to competitors. Although individual series have different rules, and the flags have changed since the early years (eg red used to start a race), they are generally accepted.
Report Abuse
Displayed from start tower
Shown the observation post
The session began or resumed after cautioned full course or stop.
End of the section of track dangerous.
Full course caution condition ovals. The route, it means a local area of caution. Depending on the type of racing, either two yellow flags will be used for a warning sign or a full course of "SC" (Safety car) will be used as the field follows the pace car security / on the right track and no cars can pass.
condition Local caution without cars can go around the corner especially when the display. When stationary states out of danger Flat-waving indicates hazard on the course.
Debris, fluids, or other hazards on the track surface.
Debris, fluids, or other hazards on the surface the runway.
The car with the number listed must pit for consultation.
The meeting adjourned, all cars on course to return in the pit lane. Can also be seen in conjunction with a green flag to indicate the oil on the track, usually referred to as combination of flag a "gherkin".
The car with the number indicated a mechanical problem and must pit.
The driver of the car with the number listed has been sanctioned for misconduct.
The driver of the car with the number given is disqualified or will not be marked until they report to the stands.
The car should give way to faster traffic. Depending on the series this may be a command or merely advisory.
A car is recommended to give way to vehicles approaching rapidly.
The meeting was adjourned. All cars must stop on the track or return to pit lane.
Depending on the series, is still a tower or slow vehicle is on track.
A slow vehicle is on track.
The session concluded.
Accidents
For worse accident in racing history see 1955 Le Mans disaster. (See also Deaths in motorsports)
Racing car set
Main article: Racing setup
In car racing, race or configuration settings of the car is all amendments the vehicle to optimize its behavior (performance, manageability, reliability, etc..) Adjustments may occur in suspensions, brakes, transmissions, engines, tires, and many others.
See also
List of auto racing tracks
Motorcycle Racing
racetrack
Racing Game
Notes
A ^ previous automotive event took place in 1887 but received only a single participant. Georges Bouton and his passenger, Julius Count Albert de Dion had completed the 2 mile drive from Bois de Boulogne to the Porte Maillot in a steam vehicle of their own making, the genesis of the De Dion-Bouton.
References
^ Abc Forix, Autosport, 8W – Welcome to Who? What? Where? When? Why? on the World Wide Web. The cradle of motorsport Rmi by Paolozzi, May 28, 2003
^ Historic Racing
^ "How Brooklands started. Bus 127 (nbr 3731): page 43. August 17, 1967.
^ ESPN.com "Adding IndyCar champion Hornish Penske give third Cup team" Retrieved February 8, 2009
^ NHRA Mile High Nationals 2001, and 2002 tests from the National Seismology Center.
External Links
Organizations Accreditation
Motor Sports Association (MSA UK)
American Le Mans Series (ALMS)
Indy Racing League (IRL)
WRC.com – Official site of World Rally Championship
The FIA – The International Automobile Federation to
Road Racing Association Grand American
International Hot Rod Association
International Motor Sports Association (IMSA)
National Auto Sport Association
Association National Stock Car Auto Racing (NASCAR)
National Hot Rod Association
SCORE International Off Road Racing
Sports Car Club American
United States Auto Club
Official Formula 1 Website
Confederation of Australian Motorsport (CAMS)
EV
Auto racing classes
Formula racing
F1 F2 F3 F3000 F5000 Formula Formula Junior Formula Nippon Formula First Free car IndyCar Formula field ACF Pacific
A formula-how
GP3 GP2 Formula BMW Formula Atlantic Formula Ford FF1600 FF2000 Formula Formula Formula Nissan Opel Kniga FPA Formula Renault Formula Super Vee Formula Toyota Formula Superleague Formula Vee A1GP Indy Lights
touring car race
Group 1 Group 2 Group 5 Group A Group F Group G Group H Group Group Group NS SP SE Diesel 2000 Super 2000 Class 1 Class 2 Production Super BTC-T
stock car racing
Sprint Cup Nationwide Truck ARCA Super Late Model Street Stock
Rally
Group 1 Group 2 Group 4 Group A Group B Group S Group N WRC-2000 Super
Sports Prototype
DP Group 5 Group 6 Group 7 Group C Group IMSA GTP CN LMP Le Mans Formula S2000
Grand Touring
Group 3 Group 4 Group 5 Group B GT1 GT2 GT3 GT4 GT500 GT300 Trans-Am
drag racing
Top Fuel Funny Car Pro Stock Top Alcohol Pro Modified Pro FWD Super Comp / Quick Rod
Off-Road Racing
Trophy Truck Truggy Baja Bug Dune Buggy Rock Crawler
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